- Date
- January 17, 2002
Estonia and Latvia have each introduced "integration policies" to address the specific situation of their large minorities, mostly Russian speakers. In both countries, the European Union has provided political and financial backing for these programs. A primary objective of the programs is to ensure bilingualism among minority individuals, and the approaches are strikingly similar in both countries.
In this article, the author looks briefly at the history of spoken languages in both counties, the regulations introduced during the time of independence, and the specific recommendations of the European Commission in the context of accession.
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Estonia, Latvia and the European Commission: Changes in Language Regulation in 1999-2001 (215.51 Kb pdf file)
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