How Can the EU Deliver a Socially Just Green Deal?

The European Green Deal represents the most ambitious set of policies for ecological transformation the world has ever seen, with policy initiatives putting Europe on track to reach net-zero global warming emissions by 2050.

This paper evaluates both the positive and negative social justice impacts of the European Green Deal and the Fit for 55 package. By examining how each policy impacts employment and disposable income, as well as public acceptance of the political transformation, the authors suggest ways to mitigate negative impacts and amplify positive ones.

This analysis shows that there is still a balance to be struck between transforming Europe’s economy and ensuring a just transition. While the planned funding streams are welcome, more clarity is needed on how to avoid the most regressive aspects, particularly those that are likely to have an impact on individual household budgets such as housing and transport.